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All reviews are prepared by our staff. Opinions expressed are solely those of the reviewer and have not been reviewed or approved by any advertiser. The information, including any rates, terms and fees associated with financial products, presented in the review is accurate as of the date of publication. SHARE: @Haru1/Twenty20 February 04, 2022 Checkmark Bankrate logo How is this page expert verified? At Bankrate, we take the accuracy of our content seriously. "Expert verified" means that our Financial Review Board thoroughly evaluated the article for accuracy and clarity. The Review Board comprises a panel of financial experts whose objective is to ensure that our content is always objective and balanced. Their reviews hold us accountable for publishing high-quality and trustworthy content. Bankrate senior reporter James F. Royal, Ph.D., covers investing and wealth management. His work has been cited by CNBC, the Washington Post, The New York Times and more. Brian Beers is the managing editor for the Wealth team at Bankrate. He oversees editorial coverage of banking, investing, the economy and all things money. Robert R. Johnson, Ph.D., CFA, CAIA, is a professor of finance at Creighton University and chairman and CEO of Economic Index Associates, LLC. Bankrate logo The Bankrate promise
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Saving and investing have many different features, but they do share one common goal: they’re both strategies that help you accumulate money. “First and foremost, both involve putting money away for future reasons,” says Chris Hogan, financial expert and author of Retire Inspired. Both use specialized accounts with a financial institution to accumulate money. For savers, that means opening an account at a bank, such as Citibank, or credit union. For investors, that means opening an account with an independent broker, though now many banks have a brokerage arm, too. Popular online investment brokers include , and . Savers and investors both also realize the importance of having money saved. Investors should have sufficient funds in a bank account to cover emergency expenses and other unexpected costs before they tie up a large chunk of change in long-term investments. As Hogan explains, investing is money that you’re planning to leave alone “to allow it to grow for your dreams and your future.” How are saving and investing different
“When you use the words saving and investing, people — really 90-some percent of people — think it’s exactly the same thing,” says Dan Keady, CFP, and chief financial planning strategist at TIAA, a financial services organization. While the two efforts share a few similarities, saving and investing are different in most respects. And that begins with the type of assets in each account. When you think of saving, think of bank products such as savings accounts, money markets and CDs — or certificates of deposit. And when you think of investing, think of stocks, ETFs, bonds and mutual funds, Keady says. The table below summarizes some of the key differences between saving and investing: Characteristic Saving Investing Account type Bank Brokerage Return Relatively low Potentially higher or lower Risk Virtually none on FDIC-insured accounts Varies by investment, but there is always the possibility of losing some or all of your investment capital Typical products , CDs, money-market accounts Stocks, bonds, mutual funds and ETFs Time horizon Short Long, 5 years or more Difficulty Relatively easy Harder Protection against inflation Only a little Potentially a lot Expensive? No Could be, depending on how much you buy and realize taxable gains Liquidity High, unless CDs High, though you may not get the exact amount you put into the investment depending on when you cash in The pros and cons of saving
There are plenty of reasons you should save your hard-earned money. For one, it’s usually your safest bet, and it’s the best way to avoid losing any cash along the way. It’s also easy to do, and you can access the funds quickly when you need them. All in all, saving comes with these benefits: Savings accounts tell you upfront how much interest you’ll earn on your balance. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation guarantees bank accounts up to $250,000, so while the returns are lower, you’re not going to lose any money when using a savings account. Bank products are generally very liquid, meaning you can get your money as soon as you need it, though you may incur a penalty if you want to access a CD before its maturity date. There are minimal fees. Maintenance fees or Regulation D violation fees (when more than six transactions are made out of a savings account in a month) are the only way a savings account at an FDIC-insured bank can lose value. Saving is generally straightforward and easy to do. There usually isn’t any upfront cost or learning curve. Despite its perks, saving does have some drawbacks, including: Returns are low, meaning you could earn more by investing (but there’s no guarantee you will.) Because returns are low, you may lose purchasing power over time, as inflation eats away at your money. The pros and cons of investing
Saving is definitely safer than investing, though it will likely not result in the most wealth accumulated over the long run. Here are just a few of the benefits that investing your cash comes with: Investing products such as stocks can have much higher returns than savings accounts and CDs. Over time, the Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index (S&P 500), has returned about 10 percent, though the return can fluctuate greatly in any given year. Investing products are generally very liquid. Stocks, bonds and ETFs can easily be converted into cash on almost any weekday. If you own a broadly diversified collection of stocks, then you’re likely to easily beat inflation over long periods of time and increase your purchasing power. Currently, the target inflation rate that the Federal Reserve , but it’s been much higher over the past year. If your return is below the inflation rate, you’re . While there’s the potential for higher returns, investing has quite a few drawbacks, including: Returns are not guaranteed, and there’s a good chance you will lose money at least in the short term as the value of your assets fluctuates. Depending on when you sell and the health of the overall economy, you may not get back what you initially invested. You’ll want to let your money stay in an investment account for at least five years, so that you can hopefully ride out any short-term downdrafts. In general, you’ll want to hold your investments as long as possible — and that means not accessing them. Because investing can be complex, you’ll probably need some expert help doing it — unless you have the time and skillset to teach yourself how. Fees can be higher in brokerage accounts. You may have to pay to trade a stock or fund, these days. And you may need to pay an expert to manage your money. So which is better – saving or investing
Neither saving or investing is better in all circumstances, and the right choice really depends on your current financial position. When to save money
If you’ll need the money in the next few years, a high-yield savings account or money-market fund will likely be best for you. If you haven’t built up an yet, you’ll want to do that before you dive into investing. Most experts suggest having three to six months worth of expenses set aside in an emergency fund. If you’re carrying high-interest debt such as a credit card balance, it’s best to work toward paying it down before investing. Paying off a loan with an annual interest rate in the high-teens will likely give you a better return than you can earn investing. When to invest money
If you don’t need the money for at least five years and you’re comfortable taking some risk, investing the funds will likely yield higher returns than saving. If you’re eligible for an employer-match in your retirement account such . Contributing enough money to ensure you receive the match is key, because the match is like free money. If you have built up your emergency fund and don’t carry any high-interest debt, investing your extra money can help you grow your wealth over time. Investing is crucial if you’re going to achieve . Real-life examples are the best way to illustrate this, Keady says. For example, paying your child’s college tuition in a few months should be in savings — a savings account, money market account or a short-term CD (or a CD that’s about to mature when it’s needed). “Otherwise people will think, ‘Well, you know, I have a year and I’m buying a house or something, maybe I should invest in the stock market,’” Keady says. “That’s really gambling at that point, as opposed to saving.” And it’s the same for an emergency fund, which should never be invested but rather kept in savings. “So if you have an illness, a job loss or whatever, you don’t have to resort back to debt,” Hogan says. “You’ve got money you’ve intentionally set aside to be a cushion between you and life.” And when is investing better? Investing is better for longer-term money — money you are trying to grow more aggressively. Depending on your level of risk tolerance, investing in the stock market, or mutual funds may be an option for someone looking to invest. When you are able to keep your money in investments longer, you give yourself more time to ride out the inevitable ups and downs of the financial markets. So, investing is an excellent choice when you have a long time horizon (ideally many years) and won’t need to access the money anytime soon. “So if someone’s beginning with investing, I would encourage them to really look at growth-stock mutual funds as a great starter way to get your foot in,” Hogan says. “And really start to understand what’s going on and how money can grow.” While investing can be complex, there are . The first step is learning more about investing and . Learn more
SHARE: Bankrate senior reporter James F. Royal, Ph.D., covers investing and wealth management. His work has been cited by CNBC, the Washington Post, The New York Times and more. Brian Beers is the managing editor for the Wealth team at Bankrate. He oversees editorial coverage of banking, investing, the economy and all things money. Robert R. Johnson, Ph.D., CFA, CAIA, is a professor of finance at Creighton University and chairman and CEO of Economic Index Associates, LLC. Related Articles