New Method Detects Gut Microbes That Activate Immune Cells Skip to main content Close Select your preferred language English عربى 简体中文 繁體中文 فارسي עִברִית 日本語 한국어 Русский Español Tagalog Menu Close Call 1-800-CEDARS-1 toggle search form Close Los Angeles, 17 August 2022 11:00 AM America/Los_Angeles New Method Detects Gut Microbes That Activate Immune Cells Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin, PhD, an assistant professor in the Department of Biomedical Sciences and Gastroenterology, helped develop a new technique that detects the gut microbes that have crossed the gut barrier and activated immune cells throughout the body. Identifying Which Microbes in the Gut Contribute to Inflammatory Diseases can Lead to More Personalized Therapies Cedars-Sinai investigators have developed a method to help identify which human gut microbes are most likely to contribute to a slew of inflammatory diseases like obesity, liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer and some neurological diseases. The technique, described in the peer-reviewed journal Science Translational Medicine, uses a protein found in blood that detects the gut microbes that have crossed the gut barrier and activated immune cells throughout the body—a development that could lead to new treatments that target inflammatory gut microbes. “Microbes crossing the gut barrier usually causes inflammation and activation of the immune system, which are key features of many inflammatory diseases,” said Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin, PhD, an assistant professor in the Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Gastroenterology at Cedars-Sinai and corresponding author of the study. “By understanding which specific microbes are crossing the gut and causing inflammation in a disease, we then can devise methods to get rid of those microbes to stop the disease.” While the gut microbiome is thought to play an important role in diseases that are driven by immune over-activation, many of these diseases involve organs beyond the gut. Currently, there are limited tools to identify which gut microbes have crossed the gut barrier and activated immune cells outside of the gastrointestinal tract. To devise a more accurate method, investigators at Cedars-Sinai and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases used human serum, the fluid found in blood that contains all the antibodies of an individual, to quantify immune responses against gut microbes. Using human serum allows researchers to understand the total body immune responses to all gut microbes, which helps give researchers a better understanding whether specific microbes are eliciting immune activation in these diseases. The team used high throughput sequencing to calculate an IgG score, which is used to measure how much antibody there is against each gut microbe. “Bacteria can migrate out of the gut into other tissues with pleiotropic effects we have yet to fully understand,” said Suzanne Devkota, PhD, an associate professor in the Cedars-Sinai Division of Gastroenterology and co-author of the study. “Therefore, we need new ways to assess translocation non-invasively.” When applying this technique to inflammatory bowel disease, researchers found several bacteria that were targeted by the immune system when compared to healthy controls. This included several gut bacteria in the Collinsella, Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. “Many of the bacteria we identified haven’t been thought of as potential causative drivers of this disease,” said Vujkovic-Cvijin, who is also a member of the Cedars-Sinai F. Widjaja Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute. “This microbial activity is likely relevant to disease progression and may represent a viable therapeutic target.” The team plans to continue to follow up on the observations from the study to learn more about the mechanisms of the specific gut bacteria that were identified as potential targets. Funding: The research was funded in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institutes of Health Director’s Challenge Innovation Award Program, Cancer Research Institute Irvington Postdoctoral Fellowship, National Institutes of Health Intramural AIDS Research Fellowship, Crohn’s & Colitis Foundational Career Development Award and the National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research. Follow Cedars-Sinai Academic Medicine on Twitter for more on the latest basic science and clinical research from Cedars-Sinai. 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The artificial intelligence (AI) used in the smartphone app also outperformed … Read more Show previous items Show next items Contact the Media Team Email: [email protected] Contact Denise HeadyManager, Science Communications denise.heady@cshs.org 626‐378‐8184 Share this release New Method Detects Gut Microbes That Activate Immune Cells Share on: Twitter Share on: Facebook Share on: LinkedIn Search Our Newsroom Social media Follow us on Twitter (opens in new window) Visit our Facebook page (opens in new window) (opens in new window) Visit our Youtube profile (opens in new window) Newsroom Home Latest news 07 Oct 2022 - HealthDay: Black Women Less Likely to Get Laparoscopic Fibroid Surgeries 07 Oct 2022 - Faculty Publications: Sept. 29-Oct. 6 07 Oct 2022 - Fine-Tuning Organ-Chip Technology 06 Oct 2022 - KCRW: Want New Omicron Booster? 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